Friday, 5 April 2013

The film Industry




The Film Industry
The basics of the film industry are: Production, Distribution and Exhibition.
The Chain:
Production --> Distribution --> Exhibition
(A company e.g. Paramount Pictures) --> (e.g. Company, Artificial eye) --> (e.g. Vue Cinemas)
The Disadvantages to this method the film industry uses are:
  • Piracy
  • Which causes a Loss in Profit
The Advantages to this method the film industry uses are:
  • Easier and faster way to distribute films
  • Better digital picture
90% of films are made in America (Hollywood). The Big Major Productions Companies are all part of Conglomerates, the big major production companies are also referred to as 'The Big Six' and are as follows:
  • Paramount Pictures
  • Universal
  • 20th Century Fox
  • Warner Bros. Pictures
  • Walt Disney
  • Columbia Pictures
"Indie" is short for Independent films, some examples of Indie films are:
  • Summit Entertainment
  • Film 4 Productions
  • Icon Productions
Some examples of Mini Major Productions companies are:
  • Dream Works
  • The Weinstein Company
  • LionsGate Entertainment
Vertical and Horizontal Integration
Production --> Warner Bros. Pictures --> DC Comics --> Rock Steady Games (Horizontal integration)
Distribution Warner Home Video
Exhibition Warner Village Cinemas*
(Vertical Integration)
*Warner Village Cinemas no longer exists. Warner Bros sold it off to gain profit so they wouldn't lose money, and so another company with more money will keep it going.

Production refers to the making of the film:
  • Finding the idea
  • Writing the script
  • Pitching it to a studio
  • Setting the budget
  • Casting the stars and employing the crew
  • Filming
  • Editing

For a film to go into production it needs investors.

Potential Risks:
  • What level of audience will it attract?
  • Is it marketable?
  • Level of funding necessary?
  • Will the funding make a profitable return?

Greenlit:

Before a director can start filming a film it has to be "greenlit" - this meaning that funding has been made avaliable by the investors.

At this stage a project will have most of the key elements such as;

  • Principle Cast
  • Director
  • Cinematographer
  • Screenplay

It's the producer's job to bring all of these elements together.

Selling Points:
  • The Stars
  • If it relates to current events
  • The Director
  • Is it Original?
  • The Genre
  • Is it Topical?
Spin offs to give added Publicity: Star Wars created video games.

Film Rights

When an existing story (book, play, comic) is made into a film the "rights" have to be bought from the author. For example Harry Potter. J.K.Rowling, the author of all the Harry Potter episodes, made sure she was on the scene while production was taking place, so the film was the way she wanted it and she got more money every time a new Harry Potter film was made.